Clinicopathological Characteristics and Surgical Findings of Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma

Abstract

Introduction: Ovarian cancer was the third most common gynecological cancer globally in 2020. The objective of this study was to delineate clinicopathological characteristics and surgical findings of epithelial ovarian carcinoma in our context.

Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Bhaktapur Cancer Hospital, from March, 2023 to May, 2023. Ethical approval was obtained from Institutional Review Board (Ref. No. 773/2079/80). Data pertaining patient characteristics, initial symptoms, pre-operative CA-125 level, risk of malignancy index, stage, histology, type and extent of surgery and residual disease were evaluated in 35 cases of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0.

Results: Among 35 cases of epithelial ovarian carcinoma, majority occurred in postmenopausal women (57.1%) with mean age 53 years. The most common presentation was abdominal distension (51.4%). Majority of patients had raised preoperative serum CA-125 level (94.2%) and RMI score (91.4%). Most of them presented in advanced stage III and IV (85.7%) with histology type high grade serous 2 carcinoma (82.8%). Eleven patients (31.4%) underwent primary cytoreductive surgery and 24 (68.5%) patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with three to six cycles of Carboplatin and Paclitaxel and underwent interval cytoreductive surgery. At surgery, majority had no residual disease (R 0 94.2%).

Conclusions: Majority of epithelial ovarian carcinoma occurred in postmenopausal women with abdominal distension. Most of them presented in advanced stage III-IV with histology high grade serous carcinoma. They underwent interval cytoreductive surgery more than primary cytoreductive surgery. At surgery, majority had no residual disease.